The OECD provides a platform to help governments evaluate their allocation of scarce budgetary resources to fossil fuels and their alignment with environmental and well-being goals. To do so, the OECD Inventory of Support Measures for Fossil Fuels documents and estimates government measures that encourage fossil-fuel production or consumption relative to renewable alternatives. The latest edition of the Inventory includes around 1 500 support measures in 51 OECD, G20 and EU Eastern Partnership economies. In addition, the OECD and the IEA produce a combined estimate of fossil fuel support over a greater number of countries.

Every few years, OECD publishes Companions to the Inventory, which report on developments in trends, peer-reviews in G20 countries, offering recommendations for fossil fuel subsidy reform, and country-specific data and analysis.